pitch contour
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- The pattern of change in the pitch (fundamental frequency) of the voice over time: A "pitch contour" refers specifically to the melodic shape or intonation pattern of spoken language, describing how the voice rises and falls.
Usage
- The term "pitch contour" is used primarily in linguistics, phonetics, and speech analysis to describe and analyze the intonation of speech.
- It is a technical term for the observable pattern of vocal pitch in an utterance.
Examples
- Noun:
- Linguists analyze the pitch contour of a question to distinguish it from a statement.
- The falling pitch contour at the end of the sentence indicated certainty.
- Different languages use different pitch contours to convey meaning and emotion.
Advanced Usage
- In tonal languages: In languages like Mandarin Chinese, the "pitch contour" of a syllable (its tone) is lexically significant and can change the meaning of a word.
- The word 'ma' in Mandarin can mean 'mother' or 'scold' depending on its pitch contour.
- In speech synthesis: Creating natural-sounding synthetic speech requires accurate modeling of "pitch contours".
- The engineer adjusted the algorithm to generate more natural pitch contours for the virtual assistant.
Variants and Related Words
- Intonation (n): Often used synonymously with "pitch contour" in a broader linguistic context, referring to the melody of speech.
- Prosody (n): A broader term encompassing "pitch contour" along with rhythm, stress, and tempo of speech.
- F0 contour (n): A more technical term used in acoustic phonetics, where F0 stands for fundamental frequency.
Synonyms
- Intonation pattern: A phrase with a very similar meaning.
- Melodic contour: A term sometimes used in musicology and speech analysis.
Related Phrases
- Pitch accent: A feature in some languages where the "pitch contour" is used to highlight a particular syllable in a word.
- Contour tone: A tone in a tonal language that requires a specific "pitch contour" (like rising or falling) on a single syllable.
Noun
- rise and fall of the voice pitch